Batas Sa Mapanganib Na Gamot

Batas sa mapanganib na gamot:

1. Ang mga ipinagbabawal na gamot: opium, heroin, morphine, coca leaf, eucaine, hallucinogenic drugs, marijuana.
2. Ang mga nireregulang gamot: secobarbital, barbiturates, amphetamine, methaqualone, etc.

Mga gawaing pinagbabawal:

1. Pagtuturok, pag-inom ng bawal na gamot.
2. Pagbibigay ng nasabing gamot.
3. Pagmamanupaktura.
4. Pagbebenta.
5. Paggamit.
6. Pagmamantine ng lungga ng mga gumagamit.
7. Pagbibisita sa mga gumagamit ng gamot.
8. Pagtatanim.
9. Pagdadala ng mga bawal na gamot.

experiences under the influence of drugs


Pagsusuri sa taong nahuli sa paggamit ng bawal na gamot:

Sino mang tao ang nahuli sa paglabag sa batas ay ipasasailalim ng pagsusuri sa laboratoryo kung ang mga alagad ng batas na nakahuli ay may makatuwirang paniniwala na ang nahuli sa pamamagitan ng mga palatandaan na siya ay nasa impluwensiya ng bawal na gamot. Ang resulta ng pagsusuri kung positibo ay maging pangunahing ebidensiya na ang nahuli ay gumagamit ng bawal na gamot. Kung hindi, siya ay pakakawalan agad.

Mga Karapatan Ng Mamamayan Hango Sa Saligang Batas Ng 1987

1. Ang karapatang mabuhay, maging malaya or sa ari-arian.
2. Ang karapatan ng mamamayan na maging ligtas sa kanilang katauhan, tahanan, mga kalatas o dokumento laban sa di makatarungang paghahalughug.
3. Ang pagiging lihim ng mga sulat o kalatas ay di dapat labagin.
4. Kalayaan sa pagsasalita o pamamahayag.
5. Malayang pananampalataya.
6. Kalayaan sa pninirahan at paglilipat.
7. Karapatang kumuha ng mga impormasyon sa pamahalaan.
8. Karapatan ng mga mamamayan na bumuo ng mga union, samahan o sosyedad.
9. Malayang pakikipagkasundo sa mga kontrata.
10. Malayang pagdulog sa mga hukuman.
11. Karapatan ng isang sinisiyasat na ipaalam sa kanya ang kanyang mga karapatan bilang nasasakdal.
12. Pagbabawal sa pagpapahirap, o paggamit ng lakas, karahasan, o pananakit na sisira sa malayang pag-iisip.
13. Ang karapatan ng nasasakdal na magpiyansa laban sa mga nagkasala ng mabibigat na kaso ayon sa batas.
14. Karapatan ng nasasakdal ang makatarungang proseso ng batas.
15. Karapatan sa "writ of habeas corpus".
16. Karapatan ng mga mamamayan ang mabilis na paglilitis ng mga hukuman o tanggapang administratibo.
17. Pagbabawal na pilitin ang isang tao na maging saksi laban sa kanyang sarili.
18. Kalayaan sa mga paniniwala at adhikaing politikal.
19. Pagbabawal sa pilitang pagsisilbi.
20. Pagbabawal ng mga multa na may kalabisan.
21. Pagbabawal ng paggamit ng mga paraan sa mga kulungan na magpapababa ng uri ng pagkatao ng isang bilanggo.
22. Pagbabawal sa pagkulong sa isag hindi nakabayad ng buwis sa pagkamamamayan.
23. Karapatan ng isang tao na hindi na muli malagay sa pangalawang panganib na muling makulong sa kahintulad na kaso at pinagmulan.
24. Pagbabawal ng pagpapanukala ng batas na nagpaparusa sa mga krimen na naganap na ng wala pa sa batas.

Civil rights according to the 1987 Constitution


How to Connect YouTube Channel to AdSense

This assumes that you already have an AdSense account and a YouTube account using the same gmail address. Actually both were automatically created when you made a Google or Gmail account, and that they only needed to be tapped. By associating your AdSense to your YouTube, you may truly want to monetize your YouTube channel's contents, thus you must have to enable your YouTube channel's monetization feature.

To associate your YouTube Channel with AdSense, you may follow these steps:

1. Login to your YouTube account.

YouTube address bar

2. At the upper right corner of the screen, your profile picture should be visible, click it then click the Creator Studio button.

YouTube Creator Studio Menu

3. The Creator Studio menu will be invoked and appear at the left corner of the screen. Turn your head on that side and choose CHANNEL.

YouTube Channel Menu

4. The CHANNEL menu will pull down. At the center of the screen, check if Monetization is not enabled, you must click the "Enable" button to enable it. When Monetization indicator has turned green, proceed in clicking the Monetization at the CHANNEL pull down menu.

YouTube Monetization Menu

5. A Monetization Status and Guidelines/Info appear at the center of the screen, click the "How will I be paid?" subject.

How will I be paid? menu
6. An information will appear below the subject title, giving an instruction. Click the colored blue, "associate an AdSense account" link.

Associate an AdSense account link
7. More explanations will appear, you may have time to read them and/or click the "Next" button.

What is AdSense?

8. The confirmation of email page will be invoked, click the blue button "Yes, use my [gmail address that you use to access your AdSense account]".

Use Gmail address to associate YouTube and AdSense

9. Next process is the association, click "Accept association" button.

Accept association of YouTube and AdSense accounts












10. If the association is successful, a result should come out telling you that the association is now approved.

AdSense association confirmation













Globe and SMART Prepaid SIM Card Validity Periods

Globe Prepaid SIM card expires within 2 months from the first use, said expiry will take effect if not reloaded during that period. If the SIM card had expired or became zero balance, it must be reloaded within four months to continue availing of the Globe Prepaid service. If the four month period is through and there was no any reload transaction made during that period, the SIM card will be terminated. It will not anymore be reactivated, and the number assigned to that card cannot be reacquired. Purchase a new Globe Prepaid SIM card to avail of the Prepaid Service.


In SMART Prepaid GSM SIM card, the validity of the initial airtime value is determined by SMART. When the balance had reached to zero, the account must be reloaded within the 120 day period to continue availing SMART Prepaid service. Failure to reload after having a zero value airtime leads to permanent disconnection. Purchase another SMART Prepaid GSM SIM card to continue availing of its Prepaid GSM service.

Sample of Induction Oath for Workers or Volunteers in Filipino Language (Tagalog: Sampol ng Panunumpa sa Katungkulan sa Induksiyon)

Ako is               Pangalan             ng                      Tirahan                  ,
na hinirang sa katungkulan bilang              Posisyon/Trabaho           
ng                   Pangalan ng organisasyon o asosasyon                       ,
ay taimtim na nanunumpa na tutuparin ko
ng buong husay at katapatan,
sa abot ng aking kakayahan
ang lahat ng aking tungkulin
at gagampanan ko sa ilalaim ng Republika ng Pilipinas
at aking itataguyod at ipagtatanggol
ang batas at regulasyon ng asosasyon na ito
ng walang anumang pasubali o hangaring umiwas,
kasihan nawa ako ng Diyos.

Lyrics of Pilipinas Kong Mahal by Francisco Santiago

Ang bayan ko'y tanging ikaw
Pilipinas kong mahal
Ang puso ko at buhay man
Sa iyo'y ibibigay

Tungkulin ko'y gagampanan
Na lagi kang paglingkuran
Ang laya mo'y babantayan
Pilipinas kong hirang


The Peace And Order In The Philippine History

Peace and order are mentioned and implied in the Bible so many times. Psalm 4:8 says, “In peace I will both lie down and sleep; for you alone, O Lord, make me dwell in safety.” This means that peace and order within an individual and a group of people are being given by God and anything that destroys them is of the devil. During the time of Adam and Eve, there were harmony, peace and order among the living things in the Garden of Eden until the devil tempted Eve and Adam to disobey God’s order. This had caused the disharmony, disunity and disorder among the living things in the world today. When Adam and Eve were casted out from the Garden of Eden, which has already been locked and strictly guarded by Angels, they lived outside the garden and faced hardships with the peace and order constantly threatened.

Years passed by and the people have multiplied and were scattered on the face of the earth; they made different groups among themselves and each established set of rules that people could follow based from the people’s aspirations, ideals and goals. Records show that people within a group or society throughout the history have incorporated in their laws the pursuit of peace and order because these two comprise the radical human ideals needed for the stability and mobility of a society. It can be inferred thus that these two are very important goals of a society that must always be pursued to attain the standard status for the optimum benefits. But while this status remained vague without definite formula for attainment, keepers of peace and order just constantly enforcing these two by trying to control or curb criminalities and other destructive factors through reactive and proactive measures and actions that were devised for such ends.

During the Philippine pre-colonial era, the people living in the various settlements in the Philippine islands were culturally linked with other Asian civilizations that form kingdoms, dynasties and empires. These civilizations were indicative of widespread established systems of justice and protection of lives and properties as well as sense of collective security. These concepts are being inherent in a family with parents as rulers and children as followers. The family is a microcosm of a broader civil organization called community, society or nation. The Philippine pre-colonial independent barangays, villages, tribes and confederations were naturally and socially endowed with these characteristics with datus or rajas as rulers. Each barangay have one datu that functions as keeper of peace and order, creator and implementer of laws, chief judge during trials, etc. The Laguna Copperplate Inscription; as an oldest historical record of the Philippines dated 900 AD evidenced that the pursuit of justice, peace and order was already extant in the Philippines as early as 900 AD. The basis for judging though was very subjective through the practice of trial by ordeal, which was due to the lack of objective approach.

When Spain colonized the Philippines from 1565 to 1898, they have established a centralized colonial government which was composed of national and local government under King Philip II of Spain through the viceroy of Mexico and later on through the Governor General in 1821. The national government maintained peace and order, collected taxes, built schools and other public works. The national government under the Governor General had so much power that could directly influence the officials in the local government units from provinces to the barangay level. A province, headed by Alcalde Mayor, was divided into pueblos or towns. Each town was headed by Gobernadorcillo who was aided by four lieutenants.  A municipality that was not yet entirely under Spain was governed by the Corregidor while the city was governed by the council called Cabildo which was composed of the Mayor, Councilors, Police Chief and the Secretary. The pueblo or city was subdivided into barrios and each barrio was headed by the Cabeza De Barangay or Barangay Captain who was responsible for the peace and order of the barrio and the recruitment of men for public works. The approach in maintaining peace and order have changed a lot during the Spanish era. Instead of being vested on the ruler alone, peace and order maintenance was put in the hands of the national and local government units particularly in the hands of the Governor General, the Nightmen that patrolled the streets of manila under the Alguacil Mayor in the 16th century, the Carabineros de Seguridad Publica that worked on the outlaws of Spanish government in 1712, the Cuadrillo that enforced peace and order in the countryside in 1836, the Civil Guard that was formed under a Royal Decree took over the peacekeeping duties both in the national and local levels in 1852, and the Barangay Captain that acted as the trusted local person that could settle local conflicts and punish lawless elements in the barrio. The maintenance of the peace and order during those times were, according to history, were abused and misused by the authorities for the benefits of the colonizers. This and the oppressions of Filipinos added to the factors that ignited the resistance of the Filipinos against the Spanish colonial government. On May 1, 1898 the Battle of Manila Bay (Spanish-American war in the Philippines) began which took place in Manila Bay. It was a fiery 1-day naval battle that decimated the Spanish fleet in the pacific. It was the first battle of the Spanish-American war campaign which gave the Americans their first victory against Spain and the Philippines freedom from the Spaniards.

Just after the Spanish-American war (1898), the Philippine-American (1899-1902) war or the Philippine Insurrection ensued in order to gain Philippine independence from America after the Treaty of Paris turned over the Philippines to America from Spain. The peace and order in the country remained in chaos because of this war. The Philippines was controlled by the American military government until 1901 when the Spooner Amendment was passed and approved placing William H. Taft as the first civilian governor. The civil government or Insular Government established the Insular Force in order to maintain peace and order which then beefed up and became the Philippine Constabulary (PC) through the Organic Act No. 175 as enacted by the Second Philippine Commission on July 18, 1901. The first constabulary was led by the American officers and former Spanish Civil Guards who primarily functioned as police law enforcers and public safety officers. But under some circumstances it functioned as a military organization to combat the rampant lawlessness and violence perpetrated by tulisanes or bandits in the countryside. When the last Filipino general was captured on April 13, 1902, the Philippine-American war has ended. Some members of the resistance group that were not captured have turned into bandits,  quasi-religious armed groups and other resistance groups that continued to roam in the countryside. On July 4, 1902, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt proclaimed a full and complete pardon and amnesty to all the people in the Philippines who participated in the Philippine Insurrection. In 1902, a provision under the Philippine Bill 1902 (Cooper Act) required the complete restoration of peace and order before the inauguration of the Philippine Assembly as proposed by the Act, which was only happened on August 16, 1907 with the help of the peacekeeping function of the constables. Aside from keepers of peace and order, these constables were said to have also performed the duties of teachers, foresters, midwives, doctors and sanitary inspectors.

In 1935, the 10-year transition Commonwealth government was formed with Manuel L. Quezon as the president in order to prepare the Filipinos for self-governance. The 1935 Constitution was created where the peace and order of the public would be enforced by the national police as stated in Article XIV section 9. But on the December of 1941, the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor that marked the World War II in the Far East. The constabulary as keepers of peace and order and the Commonwealth army prepared for war to defend the land under the state of emergency declaration of U.S. President Roosevelt. The Japanese relentless attacks on the Philippine airfields, naval bases and camps have crippled the Commonwealth government forces and U.S. military in the Philippines. Quezon and OsmeƱa (Vice President), escorted by troops, left the Philippines for Australia and then to U.S. There they set up a government in exile. Gen. Douglas Mc. Arthur, the commander of the USAFFE, also fled to Australia but promised to return to regain the Philippines from the Japanese. After capturing the Philippines, the Japanese established a puppet government under the presidency of Jose P. Laurel. Peace and order in the country were in shambles as countless skirmishes between Japanese troops and guerilla forces that remained loyal to the United States have happened everywhere in the mountains and plains, towns and villages. After about three years of Japanese occupation, Gen. Douglas McArthur returned to the Philippines with more men and stronger force that defeated the Japanese troops. The battle was not easy, the fighting were fierce and disastrous for both sides as the Japanese Imperial General Staff decided the Philippines as the final line of defense. The bloody fighting continued until September 2, 1945 when Japan finally surrendered formally.

During the aftermath of the WWII, peace and order must be the sweetest words that could be heard by the people in the war-torn areas like the Philippines. Peace and order condition of the Philippines must be restored to enable immediate recovery of other aspects of the state, but the constables and the armies have depleted in numbers with only few remaining personnel to work on the maintenance of peace and order throughout the land, and the dearth need to beef up the latter again have led to the many informal enlistees in order to meet the demand for parrying problems that emerged after the war. On April 23, 1946, Manuel A. Roxas took office as the first president of the new republic, the time when the Americans have left the government for the Filipinos which was also the time when the left-wing started to take a perch on the Philippine soil. Under the Roxas administration, the keepers of peace and order were threatened by the emerging left-wing colored Hukbalahap group (Huks), which was intensified by the alleged graft and corruptions of the government and abuses of the Provincial Military Police.  Consequently, President Manuel A. Roxas issued E.O. No. 94 effecting the abolishment of the Military Police Command which was then absorbed by the newly reorganized Philippine Constabulary.

When President Elpidio Quirino succeeded Manuel A. Roxas, President Quirino granted general amnesty for the Huks but was not successful in trying to integrate the rebels into the society. After Elpidio Quirino, President Ramon Magsaysay took office and used the Philippine Constabulary in addition to the thorough eradication of corruption in the government as well as building public works and giving the lands that benefitted the Huks and other Filipinos, these have caused the disbandment of the Huks. Under the governance of the Filipinos, the Philippines has able to maintain its economic stability even though there were some smears of corruption after the zero-corruption of the Magsaysay government. The Philippines has consistently maintained a considerably controllable condition of peace and order in the countryside and major towns, and the general growth as a country. During the term of President Ferdinand E. Marcos, a left-wing political party was founded from a small discussion group organized by a student of the University of the Philippines in the middle 60’s. In the latter part of the 60’s there were upsurge of mass demonstrations and violence which led to the creation of the PC Metropolitant Command under Executive Order 76 on July 14, 1967 to complement local police action in repressing the unrest. The said command became the PC’s striking force conducting 24/7 patrol in the entire Metro Manila. On September 21, 1972, President Marcos declared Martial Law. President Marcos used the Constabulary and the major military services to answer insurgency threat while trying to reorganize government machinery to effect his desired changes in the social, economic and political structures. The approach in the maintenance of peace and order has become dependent on the criminalities, disorders, agitations and desires of the state. On March 21, 1974, President Marcos approved the Presidential Decree 421 unifying all the police, fire and jail officers in Metro Manila to form Metropolitant Police Force (MPF) under the PC Metrocom. The MPF followed the constitutional mandate for an integrated national police force, and finally on August 8, 1975, Marcos issued Presidential Decree No. 765 creating the Integrated National Police under the Philippine Constabulary and the police officers as components.

After the People’s Revolution in 1986 that dethroned the Martial Rule. The 1986 Philippine Constitution was formed. It has provision for the creation of Philippine National Police (PNP) and in 1991, the Republic Act 6975 (Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990) was passed to create the Philippine National Police. On January 21, 1991, the PC and the INP were officially abolished and replaced by the PNP. Amendments were done in the R.A. 6975 through the enactment of R.A. 8551 (PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998) to make the PNP more responsive, effective and relevant police force that is community and service-oriented and fully accountable in the performance of its action. The peace and order maintenance was supplemented in the barangay level through the creation of barangay tanods in pursuant to the R.A. 1760 or Local Government Code of 1991. The existence of barangay tanods or barangay watchmen would give the barangay the initiative to administer police functions that cannot be immediately discharged by the police provided the sole purpose thereof would be to maintain the peace and order by deterring criminalities and other atrocities through reactive and proactive measures.

Peace and order reside in the human ideals, and are fundamental elements in the building blocks of a typical social organization. But the wicked one was also dispelled from the Garden of Eden and affected the world throughout the generations by assuming the drags in the pursuit of human goals and standard social condition. Nevertheless, there were remedies and answers made available by God, just like what was cited in the first paragraph, that humans can adopt to treat these human and social disorders or problems. One of these would be the continuous keeping of peace and order in the society. While this article shows the history of how peace and order have suffered and how they were pursued by the people to restore them, the maintenance of peace and order today have extended its machinery in the grassroots which have induced the creation of the barangay watchmen to aid the police in enforcing peace and order in the barangay level following the facts that the barangay serves as the bigger home of an individual next to his/her residential house that must also be safeguarded and the barangay as the primary planning and implementing unit of government policies, plans, programs, projects and activities.

R.A. 11202 - An Act Requiring Mobile Service Providers To Provide Nationwide Mobile Number Portability To Subscribers

The Senate approved this Act on the third reading on November 13, 2018 and was signed into law by President Rodrigo Roa Duterte on February ...